diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 1c30678..f219d6f 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -45,6 +45,12 @@ Strip a parameter named `client_id` from a fuzzy path:
 use Rack::FilterParam, { param: :client_id, path: /\A\/oauth/ }
 ```
 
+Strip a parameter named `client_id` based on arbitrary logic:
+
+```ruby
+use Rack::FilterParam, { param: :client_id, if: -> (value) { ... } }
+```
+
 To filter multiple parameters, an array of parameters or options hashes can also be passed.
 
 ## Contributing
diff --git a/lib/rack/filter_param.rb b/lib/rack/filter_param.rb
index 6a02f93..c6f9180 100644
--- a/lib/rack/filter_param.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/filter_param.rb
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ module Rack
 
     def process_param(param)
       return unless path_matches?(param)
+      return unless param_exists?(param)
+      return unless affirmative_conditional?(param)
 
       param = param[:param] if param.is_a?(Hash)
 
@@ -43,6 +45,24 @@ module Rack
       false
     end
 
+    def param_exists?(param)
+      param = param.is_a?(Hash) ? param[:param] : param
+      params.has_key?(param.to_s)
+    end
+
+    def params
+      action_dispatch_parsed? ? action_dispatch_params : request.params
+    end
+
+    def affirmative_conditional?(param)
+      return true unless param.is_a?(Hash)
+
+      callable, param = param[:if], param[:param]
+      return true if callable.nil?
+
+      callable.call(params[param.to_s])
+    end
+
     def delete_from_action_dispatch(param)
       action_dispatch_parsed? && !!action_dispatch_params.delete(param.to_s)
     end
diff --git a/spec/rack/filter_param_spec.rb b/spec/rack/filter_param_spec.rb
index 9939a96..6acd6de 100644
--- a/spec/rack/filter_param_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/rack/filter_param_spec.rb
@@ -36,6 +36,18 @@ RSpec.describe Rack::FilterParam do
     }
   end
 
+  shared_context 'middleware with conditional filter' do
+    let(:app) {
+      Rack::Builder.new do
+        use Rack::FilterParam, {
+          param: :x,
+          if: ->(value) { value == 'yes' }
+        }
+        run -> (env) { [200, {}, ['OK']] }
+      end.to_app
+    }
+  end
+
   shared_examples 'core functionality' do
     context 'sending a param that is not expected to be filtered' do
       let(:params) { { 'a' => '1' } }
@@ -134,6 +146,35 @@ RSpec.describe Rack::FilterParam do
     end
   end
 
+  shared_examples 'conditional filtering' do
+    context 'when the value should be filtered' do
+      let(:params) { { 'x' => 'yes', 'y' => 'no' } }
+
+      it 'filters the param' do
+        expect(params_to_test.keys).to eq ['y']
+      end
+
+      it 'includes the param in `rack.filtered_params`' do
+        expect(last_request.env['rack.filtered_params'])
+          .to eq [['x', nil]]
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when the value should not be filtered' do
+      let(:params) { { 'x' => 'no', 'y' => 'no' } }
+
+      it 'does not filter the param' do
+        expect(params_to_test)
+          .to eq('x' => 'no', 'y' => 'no')
+      end
+
+      it 'does not include the param in `rack.filtered_params`' do
+        expect(last_request.env['rack.filtered_params'])
+          .to be nil
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   context 'GET request' do
     let(:method) { :get }
 
@@ -146,6 +187,11 @@ RSpec.describe Rack::FilterParam do
       include_context 'middleware with filtered paths'
       include_examples 'path filtering'
     end
+
+    describe 'conditional filtering' do
+      include_context 'middleware with conditional filter'
+      include_examples 'conditional filtering'
+    end
   end
 
   context 'POST request' do
@@ -166,6 +212,11 @@ RSpec.describe Rack::FilterParam do
       include_context 'middleware with filtered paths'
       include_examples 'path filtering'
     end
+
+    describe 'conditional filtering' do
+      include_context 'middleware with conditional filter'
+      include_examples 'conditional filtering'
+    end
   end
 
   context 'Request previously parsed by ActionDispatch::ParamsParser' do
@@ -186,5 +237,10 @@ RSpec.describe Rack::FilterParam do
       include_context 'middleware with filtered paths'
       include_examples 'path filtering'
     end
+
+    describe 'conditional filtering' do
+      include_context 'middleware with conditional filter'
+      include_examples 'conditional filtering'
+    end
   end
 end