extern crate cpal; extern crate failure; fn main() -> Result<(), failure::Error> { let device = cpal::default_output_device().expect("failed to find a default output device"); let format = device.default_output_format()?; let event_loop = cpal::EventLoop::new(); let stream_id = event_loop.build_output_stream(&device, &format)?; event_loop.play_stream(stream_id.clone())?; let sample_rate = format.sample_rate.0 as f32; let mut sample_clock = 0f32; // Produce a sinusoid of maximum amplitude. let mut next_value = || { sample_clock = (sample_clock + 1.0) % sample_rate; (sample_clock * 440.0 * 2.0 * 3.141592 / sample_rate).sin() }; event_loop.run(move |id, result| { let data = match result { Ok(data) => data, Err(err) => { eprintln!("an error occurred on stream {:?}: {}", id, err); return; } }; match data { cpal::StreamData::Output { buffer: cpal::UnknownTypeOutputBuffer::U16(mut buffer) } => { for sample in buffer.chunks_mut(format.channels as usize) { let value = ((next_value() * 0.5 + 0.5) * std::u16::MAX as f32) as u16; for out in sample.iter_mut() { *out = value; } } }, cpal::StreamData::Output { buffer: cpal::UnknownTypeOutputBuffer::I16(mut buffer) } => { for sample in buffer.chunks_mut(format.channels as usize) { let value = (next_value() * std::i16::MAX as f32) as i16; for out in sample.iter_mut() { *out = value; } } }, cpal::StreamData::Output { buffer: cpal::UnknownTypeOutputBuffer::F32(mut buffer) } => { for sample in buffer.chunks_mut(format.channels as usize) { let value = next_value(); for out in sample.iter_mut() { *out = value; } } }, _ => (), } }); }